Back and joint pain during pregnancy can be frustrating and make it difficult to participate in everyday activities. A study in Spine Journal investigated the prevalence of back and pelvic pain during pregnancy. They found that 71 percent of women report low back pain, and 65 percent report pelvic girdle pain.
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Wearing a belly band during pregnancy may help support your lower back and baby bump during activities, which can result in decreased pain overall.
SI joint pain also frequently occurs during pregnancy as a result of the increase of relaxin, an appropriately named hormone that causes the hip joints to become loose and less stable.
It&#;s a sharp and sometimes excruciating pain in the lower back adjacent to the tailbone. Belly bands and braces that support this region help stabilize the joint, which may prevent pain during activities.
This symptom occurs during the second trimester. It&#;s described as anything from a dull ache to a sharp pain on the front of the hip and below the belly.
Caused by the extra weight and pressure on the ligaments that support the growing uterus, it&#;s a temporary but sometimes unbearable problem. Belly bands help distribute the weight of the baby across the back and abdomen, which may help relieve the pressure on the round ligaments and reduce pain.
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The current study investigated the influence of pelvic belt use on pelvic alignment during and after pregnancy among pregnant women who did not use a pelvic belt in early pregnancy. The posterior width of the pelvis at 1 month after childbirth in women who used pelvic belts after childbirth was greater than that of who used the pelvic belt before childbirth (Table 1). Regarding the change in pelvic alignment from during pregnancy to after childbirth, the pelvic asymmetry among women who continued to use pelvic belts during and after pregnancy decreased, whereas that for women who only used pelvic belts after childbirth increased (Fig. 3). Moreover, these differences were statistically significant even after adjusting for other factors related to pelvic alignment. In addition, when the cutoff time for pelvic belt use was changed to 7 h per week, the pelvic asymmetry of women who continued to use it during and after pregnancy decreased in contrast of that of women who only used it after childbirth, as well as those who did not use the belt in the perinatal period at all (Fig. 4).
In the current study, women who used a pelvic belt during the recruitment period were excluded to remove the influence of pelvic belt use prior to pregnancy. Nevertheless, about one in four participants in late pregnancy, and half of the participants at 1 month after childbirth used the pelvic belt. Thus, it can be said that there is a substantial demand for pelvic belts among perinatal women. At present, various kinds of pelvic belts are commercially available, whether they are manufactured for perinatal women or not, and an increased awareness might contribute to the high rate of overall use. Moreover, use of pelvic belts have been introduced in some obstetrics and gynecology and healthcare organizations [21, 22], thus, the use of pelvic belts are becoming increasingly widespread. Meanwhile, many women use pelvic belts without really understanding the method of correct usage because of its ease of acquisition and availability in standard markets. Therefore, guides for use and usage assessments among perinatal women are required with the increasing use of the pelvic belt.
Regarding the pelvic alignments in each investigation period, the posterior width of the pelvis, which relates to the opening the pelvis, might be correlated with use of pelvic belt. Specifically, the posterior width of pelvis at 1 month after childbirth among women who used the pelvic belt during pregnancy was less than that among those who used if after childbirth. This might be because the typical shape of pelvic belts for pregnant women has a front-attaching tape, and women usually put the belt on, pulling it from back to front [13, 23]. Many women only fasten the belt in the front of the pelvis, and so the posterior joint might be subject to loosening. Restriction of pelvic joint expansion can have harmful effects as the pregnancy progresses because that process is needed for growth of the fetus and the childbirth process. Although harmful influences such as differences in the mode of delivery were not observed in this study, investigations into whether the pelvic belt is associated with any restriction to the necessary pregnancy-related expansion of the pelvis are needed. In contrast, the difference of change of anterior pelvic width between these groups was not observed significantly. These results might indicate that the pelvic belt use whether during pregnancy or after childbirth is more related to posterior width than anterior width of pelvis after childbirth. Besides, the positive correlation between the change of anterior pelvic width from late pregnancy to after childbirth and birth weight was observed significantly (Additional file 3). In other words, the greater birth weight might be more related to greater values of anterior width of pelvis after childbirth than pelvic belt use.
Regarding the relationships between pelvic belt use and changes in pelvic alignment, there was significantly less pelvic asymmetry among women who continued to use pelvic belts during and after pregnancy, compared to women who used the belt only after childbirth, whose pelvic asymmetry was either increased or unchanged. During pregnancy, a trend toward increasing pelvic asymmetry was observed [24]. In general, the pelvis is naturally closed after childbirth and the condition of the body returns to its nearly original condition [25]. However, the specific changes in pelvic asymmetry after childbirth have not been revealed. Meanwhile, the elasticity of the joints recovers because of decreases in hormone secretion after childbirth [26]. Thus, it can be said that the recovery of pelvic asymmetry is difficult once it increases after childbirth. Since the recovery of pelvic alignment after childbirth is required to prevent some complications after childbirth and for the duration of women&#;s lives [27], a lack of recovery of pelvic asymmetry could be a serious problem. According to the results of the current study, continuous use of pelvic belts during and after pregnancy might correct increased pelvic asymmetry. One reason why the asymmetry among women who used the belt only after childbirth was significantly greater than that among women who continued to use the belt during and after pregnancy, might be that women who are not accustomed to using the pelvic belt used it incorrectly, which may have contributed to increased asymmetry in pelvic alignment after childbirth [17]. On the other hand, an investigation was also conducted after changing the grouping cutoff point according to the length of pelvic belt use because there were some participants who only used the belt for approximately one or 2 h per week. As shown in the result, the pelvic belt might have almost no effect when the duration of its use is too short. When the participants who used the belt for no less than 7 h were included in the group of users, the pelvic asymmetry among women who did not use the belt, in addition to that among women who used it only after childbirth, was either unchanged or increased, compared to the decrease in pelvic asymmetry among women who continued to use the belt during and after pregnancy. In other words, use of the pelvic belt for less than 7 h per week cannot be proven to affect pelvic alignment. Therefore, continuous use of the belt compared with no use and use only after childbirth might affect changes in pelvic asymmetry in the perinatal period. Hence, continuous use of the pelvic belt during and after pregnancy, especially for longer than a certain length of time in a week, might be associated with modifications of pelvic asymmetry.
There are several limitations in this study, one of which is its observational study design. Additionally, a consistent type and design of the pelvic belt was not specified. For these reasons, definitive effects of pelvic belt use, and also effects of the type of belt on changes in pelvic alignment during and after pregnancy were not evident. Hence, further research that includes an interventional study design is required to support the results of the current study. In addition, we did not evaluate other factors that may have affected pelvic alignment, such as pregnancy-related hormone levels, muscular strength, physical flexibility, or posture of women. Therefore, we would describe this as a pilot study which only suggests effect of pelvic belt use on pelvic alignment during and after pregnancy. Despite these limitations, it can be said that the use of pelvic belts in the perinatal period has some associations with pelvic alignment that may have noteworthy effects on women&#;s lives.
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