Cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of deaths worldwide, refers to any disease affecting the cardiovascular system including cerebral and renal vascular diseases, cardiac disease, and peripheral arterial disease. 14 The most common factors that induce CVD are atherosclerosis and hypertension. Moreover, even in healthy asymptomatic elderly people, various alterations in physiology and morphology affect cardiovascular function and thus result in an increased risk of CVD; 15 thus, determining treatments for curing the disease is imperative.
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Evidence has indicated that FIR rays exert protective effects on CVD. Several weeks of sauna therapy markedly enhanced flow-mediated endothelium-dependent dilation of the brachial artery (P&#;<&#;0.001),16&#;18 which was associated with an increase in cardiopulmonary exercise tolerance.17,18 Because endothelial dysfunction is typically observed in patients with hypertension,19 hypercholesterolemia,20 diabetes mellitus (DM),21 and obesity and patients who smoke,22 sauna treatments probably play a therapeutic role for patients with coronary risk factors, suggesting that sauna treatments improve vascular endothelial function.
Compelling evidence has indicated that vascular endothelial function is closely associated with endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), which catalyzes the amino acid L-arginine into L-citrulline and nitric oxide (NO) in the endothelium. NO is a crucial vasodilator substance, which prevents the progression of atherosclerosis by dilating blood vessels and inhibiting some arterial disorders such as platelet aggregation and the migration and proliferation of smooth muscle cells.23 Ikeda et al. reported that one month of FIR sauna therapy significantly upregulated eNOS mRNA and protein expression (0.73&#;±&#;0.04 vs. 1.02&#;±&#;0.02, P&#;<&#;0.01; &#;±&#;70 vs. &#;±&#;60, P&#;<&#;0.01, respectively) as well as serum NO production (3.98&#;±&#;0.43&#;mmol/L vs. 4.66&#;±&#;0.5&#;mmol/L, P&#;<&#;0.05) in cardiomyopathic hamsters with chronic heart failure (CHF).24 In addition to enhancing eNOS expression, FIR increases NO production probably by promoting the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII)-mediated phosphorylation of eNOS at serine to increase eNOS activity.25 Although FIR radiation can notably increase the temperature of culture media and intracellular Ca2+ levels, temperature-sensitive calcium channels and transient receptor potential vanilloid may not contribute to the pathway of the CaMKII-mediated phosphorylation of eNOS.25 Thus, we propose that the non-thermal effects of FIR radiation, as has been recently shown for other types of non-ionizing radiation,26 may be involved in this pathway by activating voltage-gated calcium channels.27 Nevertheless, all of these mechanisms suggested that upregulating NO production by increasing eNOS expression level and its phosphorylation level is a critical manner in which FIR therapy improves endothelial function in patients with CHF.
Notably, urinary 8-epi-prostaglandin F2α (a product of lipid peroxidation) levels were markedly lower in participants with coronary risk factors who received an FIR dry sauna for two weeks compared with those of controls.28 Because 8-epi-prostaglandin F2α is a reliable marker of oxidative stress in vivo, and oxidative stress is involved in the development of atherosclerosis and heart failure,29 the results suggested that repeated FIR ray therapy can reduce oxidative stress,30 preventing the progression of atherosclerosis. Because oxidative stress reduces the bioavailability of NO (free radicals can inactivate NO),31 a reduction in oxidative stress probably indicates an improvement in endothelial function through an increase in NO production.
The enhancement in eNOS expression caused by FIR stimulation may be related with miRNA. Shear stress is crucial to increasing eNOS activity by stimulating its expression.32 All of the aforementioned studies have suggested that FIR therapy accelerates peripheral blood flow, leading to an increase in shear stress, followed by increases in eNOS activity and NO production and upregulation of eNOS expression. Consequently, vascular endothelial function and exercise tolerance are improved.
A previous study reported that miRNAs are essential for various CVDs because depletion in the miRNA-processing enzyme engenders defects in cardiac development and angiogenesis.33 Several studies have revealed that shear stress or FIR can regulate the expression of miRNAs in endothelial cells. For instance, miRNA-21 induced by shear stress in endothelial cells can modulate endothelial cell apoptosis and eNOS activity as well as NO production.34 In one study, miRNA-663 played vital roles in shear stress-induced inflammatory responses by derepressing inflammatory response genes.35 A recent study determined that FIR treatment enhanced the expression of miRNA-31 and miRNA-720, thereby increasing coronary artery disease endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) expression and rescuing the angiogenic and vasculogenic abilities of EPCs both in vitro and in vivo.36 Circulating miRNAs (e.g. miRNA-1, miRNA-17, miRNA-92a, miRNA-126, miRNA-133, and miRNA-145) in the blood cells or serum/plasma have been identified as potential biomarkers of CVD37 and can be used for diagnosing and determining the prognosis of acute myocardial infarction.38 In summary, we suspect that FIR improves the endothelial function of patients with CVD by increasing eNOS and NO levels by promoting shear stress and altering the expression profiles of some circulating miRNAs.
If you&#;re someone who enjoys learning about advancements in recovery methods, or you&#;re searching for new, safe ways to treat chronic pain, far-infrared therapy might ring a bell. But, you might have a few questions. For starters: What is far-infrared heat? Does it actually work? And how can it help?
Find the answers to your questions about far-infrared therapy, learn why this noninvasive method of therapy might be worth adding to your recovery routine, and learn how to ease your joint and muscle pain with products like Strive&#;s far-infrared compression wraps
Let&#;s start with the basics. Far infrared is a wavelength that falls on the electromagnetic spectrum &#; or, the range of energy wave frequencies that are transmitted from everything starting with the sun, down to technology and every living organism (including us humans!). Visible light falls in the middle of this spectrum, and that&#;s the only tiny slice of radiation humans can see. Of all the colors visible to us, red has the longest wavelength, and &#;infra,&#; or &#;below,&#; means that infrared falls immediately under this frequency.
Within the range of infrared waves, there are three lengths: near, mid and far, with far being the longest. Humans easily absorb all infrared energy, which we perceive as heat. And because the wavelengths of far infrared are the longest, they are the coolest &#; making them the safest and most helpful in medical applications.
Far infrared heat&#;s role in therapeutic practices began in earnest when it was found to be useful for healing wounds. After being used almost exclusively by medical practitioners, it became accessible to the public in . Now, far-infrared therapy is used by clinics, spas, and every day consumers
Naturally occurring, minimally invasive, and extremely accessible to the public, far-infrared therapy is an outstanding method of therapy for people seeking pain relief, better sleep and enjoyment of life. A few of the top reasons why people integrate far-infrared therapy are that it:
Far-infrared therapy methods like wraps and saunas are a type of heat therapy but are more effective than other heat modalities like baths or packs. Far-infrared light raises the temperature of your body and not the temperature of the air around you, and the long wavelengths are capable of penetrating well beyond the surface of the skin, accessing deep muscle tissue, tendons and ligaments. The relaxing and opening of blood vessels increases circulation, which in turn promotes healing to damaged tissue and aching joints.
Far-infrared therapy has come a long way in just a few decades, and it continues to be studied as a way to treat conditions including sports injuries and issues stemming from high blood pressure. Though the science is evolving, there are already studies that show far-infrared therapy can help with the following conditions:
Chronic pain
Insomnia
Inflammation
Arthritis pain
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High blood pressure
Nerve pain
There are several ways you can access the power of far-infrared therapy. Some are more accessible than others, and as with any therapeutic product, you must always do your research before purchasing, especially as the popularity of the treatment grows.
Saunas
:One of the most popular methods of
f
ar-infrared therapy
, saunas are a great way to detoxify. These saunas don&#;t transfer heat through air temperature, but rather transmit light that heats your body directly. FIR saunas are perfect for those who heat up too quickly in traditional saunas.
Strive Compression Wraps
:A great way to isolate and concentrate the healing properties of
far-infrared therapy,
Strive wraps allow a greater level of convenience and accessibility by harnessing radiating elements that fit comfortably. You&#;ll notice a gentle heating effect on the sore or injured body part due to increased circulation. Wraps are also an effective way to combine different methods of healing.
Pajamas
: Yes, you read that right &#; you may recognize the concept from Tom Brady&#;s Under Armour line of recovery pajamas that promote healing during sleep. While the PJs lack the compression component of wraps, they are another convenient way to recover.
The best way to integrate far-infrared therapy in your life is ultimately up to your schedule, specific injury or condition, budget and personal preferences. Saunas will be the most expensive form of treatment, while Strive Compression Wraps are affordable and convenient for recovery on the go.
You might be wondering how products like wraps and clothing even harness the power of far infrared without the presence of a light. The answer lies in the proprietary non-toxic, &#;green&#; compound of micro-crystals that captures and emits your naturally produced far-infrared energy and sends it back into your body, allowing you to experience a truly natural healing process. Like far-infrared saunas, these materials won&#;t warm the air around you, but will create a gentle warming sensation within the area of your body it&#;s applied to.
Search for reputable gyms or spas if you&#;re interested in sauna therapy and buy from trusted companies that offer high-quality wraps or clothing. If you&#;re looking to treat a specific injury, seek products that offer concentrated levels to promote faster healing. Something as easy and seemingly low-tech as an adjustable compression wrap will help you incorporate far-infrared therapy into your regular routine without the hassle or cost of other methods.
Strive offers the only compression wraps made with far-infrared-emitting materials on the market.Strive offers the only compression wraps made with far-infrared-emitting materials on the market. Check out our different lengths of compression wraps (with thumb and wrist wrap options) that allow you to apply the healing capabilities of far-infrared and compression directly to your injured or sore body part.
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