Your braking system is perhaps the most critical safety mechanism in your vehicle. But while you rely on brakes every day to help you safely get from point A to B, you probably don't think about what's actually happening when you press on the brake pedal.
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Here's the basics of how the system works: when you step on your brake pedal, your car pushes pressurized fluid through its brake lines into a caliper at each wheel, where the brake pads are located. The brake fluid pushes the brake pads against a disc rotor in each wheel to slow it down, gradually bringing your wheels to a stop.
In other words, your brake system turns your car's kinetic energy into thermal energy through friction applied by the brake pads. In this article, we'll take a closer look at this critical component of your brake system and the pros and cons of each type ' ceramic vs. semi metallic brake pads, for instance ' to help you decide which is best for your vehicle and driving style.
These days, drivers typically have a choice between three types of brake pads: ceramic vs. semi metallic vs. organic brake pads. That wasn't always the case. The first use of brake pads goes all the way back to the 19th century. Bertha Benz ' famous inventor and wife of Mercedes-Benz founder Karl Benz ' is credited with creating the first brake pads out of leather for an early patent of their automobile in .
Since then, the materials used to make brake pads have evolved with advances in technology. It wasn't until the mid-to-late 20th century, as drum brakes were increasingly replaced by modern disc brakes, that manufacturers began producing the ceramic, metallic and organic brake pads used today.
The brake pads in disc brakes were initially made from asbestos, a heat-absorbing material well-suited for the wear and tear that brake pads take on. However, asbestos was discovered to be a highly-potent carcinogen, causing cancer in those with prolonged exposure. When these asbestos-based brake pads had worn down, they would release asbestos into the air for drivers to unknowingly inhale. Manufacturers realized asbestos wasn't a safe compound to use in braking systems. As a result, organic brake pads ' or non-asbestos organic (NAO) brake pads ' were created to fill the gap.
Organic brake pads, which come standard on about 67% of new vehicles sold within the United States, are made of a mixture of fibers and materials such as rubber, carbon compounds, glass or fiberglass, and Kevlar', and are bound together with resin. They tend to produce less dust than some other types of brake pads, such as metallic pads, and are available at a lower price point.
Unlike performance brake pads, which are primarily used in heavy and high-performance vehicles, organic brake pads generate a moderate amount of friction without much heat being present, making them suitable for drivers who use their cars for everyday driving and commuting. Organic brake pads also tend to be quiet and don't put much stress on the brake rotors, which is a plus since brake rotors are often costly to repair or replace if damaged.
However, organic brake pads do have some disadvantages when compared to other types of brake pads. Organic brake pads can tend to wear out more quickly because of their composite nature, meaning they might have to be replaced more often. They also tend to function best within a smaller range of temperatures. They don't perform as well as semi metallic brake pads in extreme weather or when they are being pushed too hard and overheat. Organic brake pads also have a higher compressibility level, which means the driver has to press on the brake pedal with more force to engage them.
Ceramic brake pads are made from material very similar to the type of ceramic used to make pottery and plates. Ceramic brake pad material, however, is denser and considerably more durable. Ceramic brake pads also have fine copper fibers embedded within them, to help increase their friction and heat conductivity.
Since they were developed in the mid-s, ceramic brake pads have consistently increased in popularity for a number reasons:
Yet ceramic brake pads do have some limitations. Primarily, their cost: due to higher manufacturing costs, ceramic brake pads tend to be the most expensive of all brake pad types. Also, since both ceramic and copper can't absorb as much heat as other types of materials, more of the heat generated by braking will pass through the brake pads and into the rest of the braking system. This can cause more wear and tear on other braking components. Lastly, ceramic brake pads aren't considered the best choice for extreme driving conditions. If you're facing very cold weather or an upcoming race and you're choosing between ceramic vs. semi metallic brake pads, you'll want to go with metallic.
The final type of brake pad is the semi metallic brake pad. Semi metallic brake pads are different from fully metal brake pads in that they use fillers to create the pad compound instead of using 100% metal. Full metal brake pads are typically reserved for truly extreme braking requirements
Semi metallic brake pads are between 30% and 70% metal, including copper, iron, steel, and other composite alloys. These various metals are combined with graphite lubricant and other fillers to complete the brake pad. The metallic brake pad compounds available vary, each type offering their own advantages for everything from daily commutes to track racing.
For many drivers, especially those who value high-performance, the choice between ceramic vs. semi metallic brake pads is easy. Performance-driven drivers tend to prefer the metallic brake pads because they offer improved braking performance in a much more comprehensive range of temperatures and conditions. Because metal is such a good conductor of heat, metallic brake pads tend to withstand more heat while simultaneously helping braking systems cool back down more quickly. They also don't compress as much as organic brakes, meaning less pressure needs to be applied to the brake pedal to affect stopping ability.
However, there are some disadvantages when it comes to metallic vs. ceramic and organic brake pads. Metallic brake pads tend to be noisier than their ceramic or organic counterparts, leading to a louder ride. Metallic pads also put more stress on the brake system, adding more strain and wear on the brake rotors. As far as price goes, metallic brake pads tend to fall somewhere between organic and ceramic pads. They tend to produce more brake dust than the other two varieties as well.
So which brake pad is the best choice for you between ceramic vs. semi metallic vs. organic brake pads? It depends on your vehicle manufacturer recommendations and the ride you expect from your vehicle combined with your driving style.
If you have a high-performance sports car, or at least drive your vehicle like one, you're likely better off choosing semi metallic brake pads. On the other hand, if you do a lot of urban commuting, you might find a solid ceramic brake pad to be the better option. If you don't put a lot of mileage on your vehicle, an organic brake pad might be the best, low-price option for your driving habits.
No matter which type you choose, have your brakes inspected and your brake pads replaced regularly. You'll know your brake pads need replacement when you hear the squeal of the metal 'tang' at the base of the pad as it comes into contact with the rotor. Tangs are built into all types of brake pads as an indicator of wear; if you hear it, don't wait too long to get new pads. At that point, deciding between ceramic vs. metallic brake pads ' or organic pads for a price-friendly option ' is up to you.
Below is a simple table that illustrates some of the comparative differences between organic, ceramic, and metallic brake pads.
BRAKE PAD TYPE
ORGANIC
CERAMIC
METALLIC
Price
$
$$$
$$
Performance
Low
Medium
High
Noise
Low
Very Low
High
Wear & Tear On Brake System
Low
Very Low
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Medium
When looking for the best towing brake pads, nothing is more important than ensuring a safe and smooth stopping experience. The key to achieving this lies in selecting the right brake pads for your towing vehicle. In this guide, we will break down the essential factors to consider when buying towing brake pads and provide some practical tips to help ensure you have the safest towing experience possible.
When you increase the weight of a vehicle by towing a trailer, carrying a load, or changing to larger wheels and tires, it alters how the stock brake system performs. These changes may surpass the designed capacity of the original braking components. In these cases, it is recommended to replace or upgrade the brake parts to improve stopping power. Trucks involved in towing or carrying heavy loads require enhanced brake performance and increased stopping power due to the additional weight on the vehicle.
Brake pads for towing are typically made from a variety of materials, each with its own set of advantages. Ceramic brake pads are known for their durability and low dust production, making them a popular choice for towing.
Towing generates additional heat in the braking system. Opt for brake pads with high heat resistance to prevent brake fade and maintain consistent stopping performance, especially during prolonged downhill descents.
Consider the type of rotors your vehicle uses when selecting towing brake pads. Because towing generates additional heat in the braking system, it's a good idea to opt for rotors that can reduce heat. PowerStop's Drilled & Slotted Rotors are specifically designed to provide maximum cooling.
Determining towing capacity involves several factors, and it's more complex than simply looking for a single number in pounds. The towing capacity of a vehicle is essentially the maximum weight it can safely pull, but this figure depends on various factors, such as the vehicle's configuration, existing weight, and how the load is distributed and controlled.
Manufacturers provide a towing capacity estimate for each vehicle they produce, but this assumes the vehicle is carrying only the driver and no additional load. It's crucial to note that if you plan to tow a trailer with family and gear, the manufacturer's calculations may not be accurate for your specific situation.
To calculate towing capacity, you need to know the Gross Combined Weight Rating (GCWR) of both the tow vehicle and the trailer, along with all the cargo they will carry. Additionally, you must be aware of the tow vehicle's curb weight, which is its weight when filled with gas and other fluids.
The towing capacity is then determined by subtracting the tow vehicle's curb weight from its GCWR. It's emphasized that exceeding the specified towing capacity is not recommended, and for safety reasons, staying below 10% of the maximum capacity is advised to account for miscalculations and shifting loads during towing.
Terms like Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR), Gross Trailer Weight (GTW), and tongue weight are essential to understand in the context of towing. GVWR is the maximum total weight a vehicle can safely operate with, while GTW is the combined weight of the trailer and its cargo. Tongue weight refers to the force pushing down on the trailer hitch by the load being hauled.
Trailer hitch classes are also a crucial consideration. They are divided into five classes, each suitable for different types of vehicles and towing capacities. Class I is for small and midsize cars, while Class V is for heavy-duty trucks and SUVs configured for towing heavy loads.
To find the towing capacity of a specific vehicle, you can refer to the manufacturer's website, check the owner's manual, or use online tools like towing calculators provided by truck and SUV manufacturers based on your vehicle's VIN.
PowerStop's Z36 Truck & Tow Carbon-Fiber Ceramic Brake Pads are specifically designed for maximum towing, hauling, and off-road performance. The low-dust ceramic formula, infused with carbon fiber, provides severe-duty stopping power for trucks and SUVs, reduces brake dust, and eliminates noise. The kit includes premium stainless-steel hardware and high-temp brake lubricant, simplifying the brake job process.
Notable features include:
PowerStop backs the Z36 Truck & Tow Carbon-Fiber Ceramic Brake Pads with a 60-day hassle-free return policy and a 90-day/3,000-mile warranty for dependable performance.
Even if you only use your truck for occasional towing, it's still crucial to have the right braking system. You can make your truck's brakes safer for towing by installing the PowerStop Z36 Truck & Tow Brake Upgrade Kit. It is specially designed to deliver maximum braking power for trucks, SUVs, and 4x4s that tow, haul, and go off-road.
The Carbon-Fiber Ceramic Formula in the brake pads ensures dust-free braking, and the Drilled & Slotted Rotors help reduce heat. With the right brakes, your truck or 4X4 can deliver powerful stops under heavy loads while maintaining excellent drivability when not towing.
Here are some reasons why you should consider upgrading to PowerStop's Z36 Truck & Tow Brake Upgrade Kit for your truck and tow brake system:
Balanced rotors are essential for reliable operation. PowerStop's mill-balanced rotors are carefully inspected to prevent imbalance issues, reducing vibration and noise while extending the life of your brakes.
For towing or driving a heavier vehicle, you need brake pads that can handle both cold and hot temperatures. Drilled & Slotted Rotors in the PowerStop Z36 Truck & Tow Brake Upgrade Kit increase cooling and help prevent overheating during extreme braking, ensuring reliable friction.
Properly breaking in new brake pads and rotors is crucial for effective performance. PowerStop's thermal scorched brake pads help with this process by curing the first 1mm of friction material, allowing for faster break-in.
While a small amount of brake pad dust is normal, excessive amounts can indicate an issue. PowerStop's low-dust brake pads, made with a carbon fiber and ceramic formula, maximize stopping power and keep your wheels clean.
For a smooth and quiet ride, PowerStop's brake pads come with stainless steel shims to ensure reliable, noise-free performance.
PowerStop's Carbon-Fiber Ceramic Brake Pad formula is top-notch for truck and tow brake systems. The ceramic formula, reinforced with carbon fibers, can withstand intense heat, providing the extra brake torque needed for towing, carrying heavy loads, or using large wheels/tires.
Hauling or towing a trailer can be a challenging task, especially when it comes to braking. The added weight and momentum can make stopping safely more complex than when driving without a load. To ensure the safety of yourself and others on the road, it's crucial to follow some key tips for braking while hauling or towing.
One of the most important tips for braking while hauling or towing is to anticipate stops. Being aware of upcoming stops or slowdowns allows you to plan your braking strategy in advance. Keep an eye on road signs, traffic signals, and the behavior of surrounding vehicles to gauge when you might need to start slowing down.
When hauling or towing, your vehicle's weight increases, affecting its braking distance. To compensate for this, plan for more braking time than you would need when driving without a load. Recognize that it will take longer to bring your vehicle to a complete stop and adjust your speed accordingly.
Starting the braking process earlier is a crucial aspect of safe towing. Instead of waiting until the last moment, gradually apply the brakes well in advance. This approach allows the brakes to work more efficiently and reduces the strain on both your vehicle and the trailer.
Avoid the temptation to slam on the brakes, especially when hauling or towing. Rapid, forceful braking can lead to skidding or loss of control, increasing the risk of accidents. Apply the brakes smoothly and steadily, giving your vehicle and trailer the opportunity to slow down in a controlled manner.
Continuous braking, known as 'riding the brakes,' can lead to overheating and reduced braking efficiency. This is particularly true when hauling heavy loads. To prevent brake overheating, release the brake pedal periodically to allow the brakes to cool down. This practice can extend the life of your braking system and improve overall safety.
Staying vigilant is crucial when hauling or towing. Pay close attention to the road conditions, traffic, and any potential hazards. Being aware of your surroundings allows you to react promptly to unexpected situations and make necessary adjustments to your braking strategy.
Maintaining a safe following distance is essential, especially when hauling or towing. Tailgating reduces your reaction time and increases the risk of collisions. Leave ample space between your vehicle and the one ahead to provide room for safe braking. This extra space is vital, as the added weight can make it more challenging to stop quickly.
PowerStop is dedicated to delivering top-quality performance brakes for nearly every vehicle on the road. If you have a question about any of our products, contact us today online or toll-free at (888) 863-. Our customer service team is available to answer your questions Monday through Friday from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. (CST). Se habla español.
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